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For professional drivers, understanding how to optimize the loading of a truck not only to comply with transportation regulations, but also to maximize the efficiency and profitability of each trip. Proper load distribution and securing can reduce vehicle wear and tear, improve fuel consumption, and minimize the risk of accidents, fines, or legal problems. 

In this detailed guide, we will explain the key aspects of current regulations regarding maximum permitted weights and dimensions, the different types of cargo and their particularities, as well as practical and effective advice to achieve safe, stable and efficient loading. Additionally, we will address some best practices to avoid violations and optimize space, loading and unloading time, thereby improving service quality and overall transportation performance.

Truck loading

Loading and unloading procedure

The process of loading and unloading goods follows a generally standard structure, divided into five key steps that guarantee safety and compliance with regulations:

  1. Registration at the entrance: The shipper receives the carrier, who previously identifies himself and presents the necessary documentation. This step is essential to ensure that the merchandise is ready for loading or unloading.
  2. Dock assignment– The carrier is assigned a specific dock where they can park the truck, streamlining the flow in the warehouse.
  3. Loading or unloading operation: the dock hatch is deployed to secure the truck and execute the maneuver. The load protections are released, and the loader (except in pre-arranged cases) is responsible for handling the load, moving the pallets or packages with a pallet jack or forklift to safely load or unload from the truck.
  4. Merchandise verification: once loading or unloading is completed, the merchandise is verified in the warehouse to verify that it is correct and in good condition. If the carrier detects irregularities, they must note them in the consignment note for future claims.
  5. Signature and seal of the delivery note: After confirming that everything is in order, the shipper signs and seals the carrier’s copy of the delivery note. In the case of some operators, such as Ontruck, the carrier digitizes the delivery note and uploads it to the platform so that it is available within 24-48 hours.

Maximum weights allowed in trucks

Complying with weight limits is crucial to avoid penalties and ensure road safety. Trucks have load limits that vary depending on the type and number of axles. Some examples of maximum allowable weights include:

  • 2 axle rigid truck: until 18 tons
  • 3 axle rigid truck: until 26 tons
  • 4 axle rigid truck: until 32 tons
  • 5-axle articulated truck or trailer: until 40 tons
  • Trailer with 6 axles: until 44 tons in some cases.

Exceeding the authorized weight can not only result in penalties, but also increases the risk of accidents and accelerates wear and tear on the truck.

Types of cargo in trucks

Knowing the different types of cargo is essential to transport it properly and safely. The main types of cargo and their particularities are detailed below:

  1. Carga completa o Full Truck Load (FTL): Uses the truck’s full capacity for a single customer, ideal for high volumes without additional stops.
  2. Fractional load or Less than Truck Load (LTL): Space shared between several clients with smaller volumes, ideal for optimizing the use of the truck.
  3. bulk cargo: Includes unpackaged materials, such as sand, cement, or grain, that require specialized vehicles.
  4. Palletized load: Products are placed on pallets for easy handling and transportation.
  5. Dangerous cargo: Hazardous materials such as chemicals require compliance with ADR regulations and specific labeling. If you want more information about the transport of dangerous goods, read our article.

Truck loading

Good practices for loading a truck safely and profitably

  1. Distributes weight evenly
    Correct weight distribution in the truck is key to avoiding overloading of the axles and reducing the risk of overturning. Place the heaviest load low and close to the front axles to lower the center of gravity.
  2. Secure the load well
    Use straps, nets and other approved fastening elements to secure each package or pallet. Periodically check the charging status during the journey, especially on long routes.
  3. Check the condition of the truck before loading
    Make sure that brakes, tires and suspensions are in perfect condition to support the weight of the load.
  4. Optimize space for breakbulk cargo
    Arrange space so early delivery packages are accessible. This avoids load movements at each stop, saving time and effort.
  5. Plan efficient routes
    a good route planning helps reduce fuel consumption and delivery times, improving transportation profitability. Avoid areas with heavy traffic or weight restrictions.
  6. Always comply with weight and loading regulations
    Complying with these rules avoids penalties, reduces wear and tear on the vehicle, and ensures a more stable ride.

Want to know more? Check out our tips on eating on the road

 

 

In the world of transportation, efficiency is crucial for reducing costs, improving productivity, and increasing customer satisfaction. However, various factors can undermine the effectiveness of daily operations, such as lack of route planning, long waits at tolls, and unexpected detours for refueling. These issues are compounded when administrative tasks, such as toll payments and coordinating driver breaks, are not managed effectively. In this article, you will find all the information and tools you need to optimize your travel routes.

Challenges of route planning

The lack of planning in freight transportation can lead to numerous problems that negatively impact operational efficiency. Some of the most common issues include:

  • Failure to plan routes and loads: Not considering the best route or properly distributing the load can result in longer journeys, increased fuel consumption, and extended delivery times.
  • Wait times at tolls: Tolls are critical points on many routes, and long waits can significantly delay delivery times.
  • Detours for refueling: A lack of a strategy for refueling can force unexpected detours, increasing costs and travel times.
  • Administrative tasks: Managing payments and documentation on the road can be tedious, consuming valuable time that could be spent driving.
  • Failure to schedule breaks: Poor organization of breaks can lead to driver fatigue, increasing the risk of accidents and impacting service quality.

The importance of route planning

Route planning is one of the most crucial aspects of optimizing transportation routes. This task involves analyzing and selecting the most appropriate path, considering factors such as distance, traffic, road conditions, and loading/unloading points. Additionally, planning should include coordinating breaks, optimizing fuel consumption, and minimizing associated costs.

Technology has advanced significantly in this area, offering tools that allow companies to plan routes precisely and efficiently. Below, we explore some of the most useful applications for route optimization.

Route planning applications

Today, there are multiple applications designed to optimize transportation routes, which can help overcome the challenges mentioned above. Some of these tools include:

  • Impargo: Allows you to plan routes across Europe for free. It calculates mileage and driving time, facilitates the order of multiple stops, and specifies toll costs to consider. It also integrates an updated record of traffic restrictions.
  • Andamur Route Planner: Helps you easily and quickly plan your routes through Europe, identifying the most suitable areas and service stations for your stops. It provides information about the facilities available at each stop, such as restaurants, showers, and shops.
  • Truck Parking Europe: Focused on finding truck parking areas in Europe. It features the largest database of parking options, informing users about full and available spots. Additionally, it includes user recommendations on which areas offer the best services for trucks.
  • QuickLoad: Connects drivers planning a route with customers needing to move freight easily and securely. Its goal is to create opportunities for truck drivers with available space to transport freight along their route. It’s free and pays drivers immediately.
  • Allstays: Allows users to search for rest areas based on their needs, with filters for services like laundry, showers, hotels, restaurants, etc. It costs around €10 per month.

Optimizing routes with fuel cards

Fuel cards centralize cost control, allowing drivers to pay for fuel without cash, improving driver safety and streamlining administrative processes.

Advantages of Andamur fuel cards:

  • Centralized Control: Fuel cards enable companies to monitor and control fuel consumption centrally, making expense management and consumption analysis easier.
  • Security: By eliminating the need to handle cash, the risk of theft or loss is reduced. Additionally, Andamur fuel cards are linked to the vehicle/driver and secured with a PIN, adding an extra layer of security, with immediate blocking if necessary.
  • Administrative Ease: Transactions with fuel cards are automatically recorded on detailed invoices by license plate, simplifying account reconciliation and facilitating financial reporting.

Types of Fuel Cards:

  • Andamur ProEurope:
    • Allows refueling at over 900 service stations in 9 European countries: Spain, France, Germany, Austria, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Poland, and Belgium.
    • Facilitates payments through bank transfers or online top-ups.
    • Offers special conditions for VAT recovery.
    • Allows recovery of professional diesel tax.
  • Andamur EUROGAS:
    • Facilitates the declaration of professional diesel supplies in Spain.
    • Offers discounts on fuel.
    • Allows convenient payments through bank transfer.
    • Valid for the entire Andamur service station network in Spain.
  • Andamur PROBON:
    • Exclusive card for Bonified Diesel use.
    • Convenient payments through bank transfer.
    • Monthly credit billing.
    • Valid for the entire Andamur service station network in Spain and selected associated stations.
  • Andamur Mastercard:
    • Immediate cash availability at any ATM.
    • No paperwork, risks, or bank account needed.
    • Cost-free: no issuance, maintenance, top-up, or payment fees.
    • Valid for payments at any establishment that accepts MasterCard.
  • Andamur DISCOUNT:
    • Cash payment.
    • Direct discount on fuel.
    • Invoice with fiscal validity.
    • Valid at all Andamur-owned stations.

Using fuel cards is an effective way to optimize routes by ensuring drivers can refuel without unnecessary detours and with complete security, contributing to a more efficient operation.

Optimizing routes with toll devices

Toll devices have become an essential tool for transporters looking to optimize routes and minimize delays on the road. They allow vehicles to pass through tolls without stopping, reducing wait times and eliminating the need to manage payments manually.

Benefits of Andamur Toll Devices:

  • Reduce Wait Times: By not having to stop at tolls, vehicles can maintain a constant speed, improving delivery times and reducing fuel consumption.
  • Simplify Administrative Processes: Toll payments are automatically recorded, eliminating the need to handle cash or keep receipts, streamlining management and auditing tasks.
  • Facilitate VAT Recovery: Companies can process VAT recovery on toll and fuel expenses in European countries.Discover everything you need to know about VAT recovery for transporters in our article.
  • Improve Safety: By avoiding unnecessary stops, the risk of accidents in toll areas is reduced, enhancing safety for drivers and other road users.
  • Enable Centralized Management: Toll devices facilitate centralized management of all toll payments, making expense monitoring and financial planning easier.

Types of devices:

At Andamur, we offer three devices that are easy to install. You can choose the one that best suits your needs, considering the number of vehicles, the type of routes you take, and the specific requirements of your drivers.

Dispositivo de telepeaje - Toll4Europe

  • Toll4Europe: Allows you to pay tolls in Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Austria, Poland (e-Toll Network), Denmark Storebælt Bridge, Sweden Øresund Bridge, Germany, Germany Warnow Tunnel, Germany Herrentunnel, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Belgium, Belgium Liefkenshoek Tunnel, Slovakia, and Hungary.Additional features include: the ability to activate and deactivate countries without extra cost, activation and deactivation of services within 24/48 hours from request, license plate changes permitted and processed within 24 to 48 hours, device blocking allowed by client or by device with a processing time of 24 to 48 hours, available in 22 languages, a free informative app available, and standard delivery time of 3 to 5 days with easy installation.

    Dispositivo de telepeaje - ServiBox

  • ServiBOX: Operates with 16 toll services in: Spain, Portugal, France, Belgian Tunnel, Belgium, Italy, Austria, A1 Poland (Gdansk-Torun), A4 Poland (Katowice-Krakow), Poland (e-Toll Network), Denmark Storebælt Bridge, Sweden Øresund Bridge, Norway, Switzerland, Germany, and Bulgaria.It is satellite-based, easy, and intuitive. Furthermore: it allows security and control over the fleet through KMASTER management service, the ability to activate or deactivate countries without extra cost, available in 14 languages, and has a delivery time of 5 working days.

Dispositivo de telepeaje - Interoperable

  • Interoperable EU: Easy to install, equipped with radio frequency technology, and available for Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, A4 Poland (Katowice-Krakow), Austria, and the Belgian tunnel.

If you’re unsure which device is right for your needs, please contact us. Our team will help you assess your current situation and choose the best option.